Pitman's Vol 5 - Bonding

Front Cover of Volume 5

Building Educator
Volume 5

by R Greenhalgh (Ed)

Published by Pitman & Sons Ltd
11th December 1926

No ISBN number

Stretching Bond
This bond, see Fig. 24, applies to walls of ½-brick thick, such as sleeper or partition walls, and also to chimney stacks, where it is frequently termed chimney bond

Stretching Bond
Fig. 24 - Volume 5 page 214

English Cross Bond
This is practically the same as English bond proper, except that in the stretching course a ¾-bat is used on the quoin and the closer omitted, or a header placed next to the quoin stretcher in every alternate stretching courses

English Cross Bond
Fig. 25 - Volume 5 page 214

This arrangement with variations can be seen in many of the older examples of brickwork, where darker facing bricks have been used to form diamond or trellis patterns

This is frequently known as Dutch Bond

Brickwork drawn by Anne June 11

Garden Wall Bonds
Where two fair faces are required in a 9" wall, a greater proportion of stretchers is used than in the recognized bonds. The types in general use are called English and Flemish Garden bonds, but are sometimes given local terms, such as 'Scotch' or 'Sussex' bond

Flemish Garden Wall Bond
Three stretchers are laid between the headers in each course, as shown in Fig. 26. As in Flemish bond proper, the header should come over the centre of a stretcher
in the course below

Flemish Garden Wall Bond
Fig. 26 - Volume 5 page 214

English Garden Wall Bond
Three courses of stretchers are built to every course of headers. The stretching courses being arranged with a
½-lap as in stretching bond

English Garden Wall Bond
Fig. 27 - Volume 5 page 214

Both of the above bonds are deficient in strength, particularly the latter, which is likely to bulge at the stretching courses, these having no tie across the thickness of the wall

Hoop-iron Bond
To reinforce walls along their length, pieces of hoop-iron are built inbetween the courses at certain intervals, as shown in Fig. 30. Their ends are jointed to make them continuous.

Hoop-iron Bond
Fig. 30 - Volume 5 page 215

This system was introduced by Brunel, a civil engineer, about 1835. It is not much used at the present time, unless to strengthen the connection where a toothing
has been left in a wall for future

Heading Bond
This bond, Fig. 31, is used for circular sweeps where stretchers would give the curve an irregular appearance, or, as the craftsman would say, "make the work hatch
and grin".

Heading Bond
Fig. 31 - Volume 5 page 215